Preheat the oven to 350°F (175°C) and line a baking sheet with parchment paper or a silicone baking mat.
In a large mixing bowl, cream together the butter and sugar until light and fluffy using a hand mixer or stand mixer.
Add the egg and vanilla extract to the mixture and beat until fully incorporated.
In a separate bowl, whisk together the flour, baking powder, salt, and ground anise seed (or anise extract).
Gradually add the dry ingredients to the wet ingredients, mixing until well combined and a dough forms.
Chill the dough for at least 30 minutes in the fridge to help the cookies keep their shape while baking.
Once chilled, use a cookie scoop or spoon to portion out the dough into small balls and place them on the prepared baking sheet, spacing them about 2 inches apart.
Bake in the preheated oven for 10-12 minutes, or until the cookies are golden brown around the edges.
Remove from the oven and allow the cookies to cool on a wire rack.
Dust the cooled cookies with confectioners' sugar before serving, if desired.